By Ifeoma Ben, LLM, MBA
As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to reshape global industries, Nigeria stands at a pivotal juncture to pioneer ethical AI innovation in Africa. While global powers like the European Union and the United States are advancing comprehensive AI regulatory frameworks, Nigeria’s proactive engagement can position it as a continental leader in responsible AI development.
Global AI Regulatory Trends
Worldwide, AI regulation is evolving rapidly. The European Union’s AI Act exemplifies a structured approach, categorizing AI applications by risk levels and imposing stringent requirements on high-risk systems. Conversely, the United States adopts a more decentralized strategy, relying on existing laws and sector-specific guidelines, though discussions about a federal AI regulatory body are ongoing. Emerging economies, including Brazil, India, and South Africa, are also crafting AI policies that balance innovation with ethical considerations.
Nigeria’s Current Landscape and AI Strategy
While Nigeria has yet to enact specific AI legislation, it has taken a significant step forward with the launch of the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (NAIS) in 2024. Spearheaded by the Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, the NAIS outlines a roadmap for leveraging AI to solve local challenges in healthcare, education, agriculture, and fintech. It also emphasizes responsible AI governance, inclusion, and capacity-building.
The strategy proposes the creation of a National Centre for AI and Robotics, the development of open datasets, and support for local AI startups. It aligns with Nigeria’s broader digital economy goals and reflects a strong commitment to ethical and inclusive AI development. However, without an accompanying legal framework or enforcement mechanisms, the strategy risks being aspirational unless backed by clear laws and institutional support.
Opportunities for Leadership
To lead in ethical AI innovation, Nigeria can:
• Translate Strategy into Legislation: Implementing the NAIS through binding regulations, particularly in high-risk AI applications, is key to safeguarding rights and building trust.
• Invest in Infrastructure and Education: Enhancing digital infrastructure and integrating AI-focused curricula can build a future-ready workforce.
• Foster Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborations between government, academia, and industry can drive research and innovation while ensuring ethical standards.
• Engage in International Dialogues: Active participation in global AI governance initiatives can ensure that Nigeria’s interests and perspectives are represented.
Legal Industry’s Role
Nigeria’s legal industry must prepare for the growing demand for AI-related legal services. This includes advising on compliance, IP rights for AI-generated content, ethical AI use in the workplace, and cross-border data governance. Lawyers must also contribute to the policy-making process to ensure that emerging AI laws reflect both global standards and local realities.
Conclusion
Nigeria’s National AI Strategy signals a promising commitment to ethical innovation, but its success hinges on translating policy into enforceable law. With strategic investment, legal reform, and stakeholder collaboration, Nigeria can not only lead AI regulation in Africa but also shape a digital future that is inclusive, ethical, and globally competitive.
Ifeoma Ben is a Partner at The Law Suite and the Editor-in-Chief of Lawhauz Magazine and can be reached on 08033754299
